Isaiah 20:4

so the king of Assyria will lead away the captives of Egypt and the exiles of Cush, young and old alike, naked and barefoot, with bared buttocks--to Egypt's shame.

Study Bible

so the king of Assyria will lead away the captives of Egypt
This phrase refers to the Assyrian king's conquest and subjugation of Egypt. Historically, Assyria was a dominant power in the ancient Near East, known for its military prowess and expansionist policies. The prophecy highlights the futility of relying on Egypt for protection, as Judah was tempted to do. This event is a fulfillment of God's warning against alliances with foreign nations instead of trusting in Him (Isaiah 30:1-3).

and the exiles of Cush
Cush, often associated with the region south of Egypt, corresponds to modern-day Sudan. The inclusion of Cush indicates the broad scope of Assyrian conquest. This reflects the interconnectedness of ancient Near Eastern politics, where the fate of one nation often impacted its neighbors. The mention of Cush emphasizes the comprehensive nature of Assyrian dominance.

young and old alike
This phrase underscores the totality of the Assyrian victory, affecting all demographics within the conquered regions. It highlights the indiscriminate nature of war and exile, where age and status offer no protection. This serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from God's protection and guidance.

naked and barefoot
The imagery of captives being led away naked and barefoot signifies utter humiliation and defeat. In ancient times, stripping captives of their clothing was a common practice to degrade and dehumanize them. This vivid picture serves as a warning of the shame and disgrace that come from relying on human alliances rather than divine support.

with bared buttocks
This detail further emphasizes the humiliation and shame experienced by the captives. In the cultural context of the ancient Near East, exposing one's buttocks was considered extremely disgraceful. This imagery is intended to convey the depth of Egypt and Cush's humiliation at the hands of Assyria, serving as a cautionary tale for those who place their trust in worldly powers.

to Egypt’s shame
The ultimate result of the Assyrian conquest is the public disgrace of Egypt. This phrase highlights the theme of divine judgment against nations that oppose God's will or seek to lead His people astray. It serves as a reminder of the sovereignty of God over all nations and the futility of opposing His plans. The shame of Egypt is a testament to the consequences of pride and misplaced trust.

Persons / Places / Events

1. King of Assyria
The ruler of the Assyrian Empire, known for its military might and expansionist policies during the 8th century BC. Assyria was a dominant power in the ancient Near East.

2. Egypt
A powerful and influential nation in the ancient world, often seen as a rival to Assyria. Egypt was known for its rich culture and history.

3. Cush
A region located south of Egypt, often associated with modern-day Sudan. Cush was known for its warriors and was sometimes allied with Egypt.

4. Captives and Exiles
The people of Egypt and Cush who were taken away by the Assyrians. This event symbolizes humiliation and defeat.

5. Isaiah
A major prophet in the Old Testament, who conveyed God's messages to the people of Judah and surrounding nations. His prophecies often included warnings and calls for repentance.

Teaching Points

The Futility of Human Alliances
Trusting in human alliances, like Judah's reliance on Egypt, can lead to shame and defeat. True security is found in God alone.

God's Sovereignty Over Nations
God is in control of all nations and their destinies. He can use even powerful empires like Assyria to accomplish His purposes.

The Consequences of Pride
Nations and individuals who exalt themselves against God will face humiliation. Humility and reliance on God are essential.

The Reality of Judgment
God's warnings through prophets like Isaiah are real and should be heeded. Ignoring them can lead to severe consequences.

The Call to Repentance
Prophecies of judgment are also calls to repentance. Turning back to God can change outcomes and restore relationships.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the historical context of Assyria's dominance help us understand the message of Isaiah 20:4?

2. In what ways do we, like Judah, sometimes rely on "Egypt" (worldly solutions) instead of trusting in God?

3. How can we apply the lesson of God's sovereignty over nations to our current global context?

4. What are some areas in our lives where pride might be leading us away from God, and how can we address them?

5. How can we respond to God's warnings in Scripture today, and what steps can we take to ensure we are living in alignment with His will?

Connections to Other Scriptures

2 Kings 18-19
These chapters provide historical context for the Assyrian campaigns and their interactions with Judah, Egypt, and other nations.

Isaiah 19
This chapter contains prophecies against Egypt, highlighting the futility of relying on Egypt for security instead of trusting in God.

Ezekiel 29-32
These chapters also contain prophecies against Egypt, emphasizing God's sovereignty over nations and His ability to humble the proud.