Deuteronomy 29:14

I am making this covenant and this oath not only with you,

Study Bible

I am making
The phrase "I am making" signifies an active, present-tense action by God. In Hebrew, the verb used here is "כֹּרֵת" (koret), which means "to cut" or "to make." This term is often used in the context of covenant-making, implying a solemn and binding agreement. The imagery of "cutting" a covenant may hark back to ancient practices where animals were cut in two, and the parties of the covenant would pass between the pieces, symbolizing the seriousness and binding nature of the agreement. This underscores God's active role in establishing His covenant with His people, emphasizing His commitment and the gravity of the promises being made.

this covenant
The word "covenant" in Hebrew is "בְּרִית" (berit), which refers to a formal agreement or treaty. In the biblical context, a covenant is more than a contract; it is a sacred bond initiated by God with His people. This particular covenant in Deuteronomy is a renewal of the covenant made at Sinai, reaffirming the relationship between God and Israel. It is a reminder of God's faithfulness and the expectations He has for His people. Historically, covenants were common in the ancient Near East, often involving stipulations, blessings, and curses, which are also present in the Mosaic covenant.

and this oath
The term "oath" in Hebrew is "שְׁבוּעָה" (shevu'ah), which refers to a solemn promise or vow. An oath in biblical times was a serious commitment, often invoking God as a witness to the truth of one's words. In this context, the oath is an integral part of the covenant, underscoring the seriousness and binding nature of the agreement. It highlights the mutual commitment between God and Israel, where God promises blessings for obedience and warns of consequences for disobedience. The inclusion of an oath emphasizes the reliability and unchangeable nature of God's promises.

not only with you
This phrase expands the scope of the covenant beyond the immediate audience. The Hebrew word for "you" is "אִתְּכֶם" (ittechem), which is plural, indicating that the covenant is made with the entire community of Israel present at that time. However, the phrase "not only with you" suggests that the covenant extends beyond those physically present. It includes future generations, emphasizing the perpetual nature of God's promises and the ongoing relationship between God and His people. This forward-looking aspect of the covenant highlights the continuity of God's plan and the enduring nature of His commitments throughout history.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who is delivering God's message and renewing the covenant with the people before they enter the Promised Land.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, who are the primary audience of this covenant renewal.

3. Moab
The location where Moses is delivering this message, as the Israelites are camped on the plains of Moab before crossing into Canaan.

4. Covenant
A solemn agreement between God and the Israelites, which includes blessings for obedience and curses for disobedience.

5. Future Generations
Although not explicitly mentioned in this verse, the context implies that the covenant extends beyond the present audience to future generations.

Teaching Points

The Universality of God's Covenant
God's covenant is not limited to a single generation but extends to all who come after. This highlights the enduring nature of God's promises and His desire for a relationship with all His people.

The Importance of Community in Faith
The covenant is made with the entire community of Israel, emphasizing the collective responsibility and unity in following God's commands.

The Role of Leadership in Spiritual Renewal
Moses, as a leader, plays a crucial role in reminding the people of their covenant with God. This underscores the importance of godly leadership in guiding and renewing the faith of a community.

The Call to Obedience and Faithfulness
The covenant includes both blessings and curses, reminding believers of the importance of obedience to God's commands and the consequences of turning away.

The Continuity of God's Promises
The covenant with Israel is part of a larger account of God's redemptive plan, which finds its fulfillment in Jesus Christ. This encourages believers to see their faith as part of a grand, unfolding account.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of covenant in Deuteronomy 29:14 relate to the covenant God made with Abraham in Genesis 17?

2. In what ways does the renewal of the covenant in Deuteronomy 29 challenge us to consider our own commitment to God and His commands?

3. How can we, as a community of believers, support one another in living out the covenant relationship with God?

4. What role does leadership play in helping a community remain faithful to God's covenant, and how can we apply this in our church today?

5. How does the promise of a new covenant in Jeremiah 31 and its fulfillment in Hebrews 8 deepen our understanding of God's faithfulness and love for His people?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 17
The covenant with Abraham, which is foundational to the covenant with the Israelites, showing the continuity of God's promises.

Exodus 19
The initial giving of the covenant at Mount Sinai, highlighting the importance of obedience and the special relationship between God and Israel.

Jeremiah 31
The promise of a new covenant, which expands on the idea of God's enduring commitment to His people.

Hebrews 8
The fulfillment of the new covenant through Jesus Christ, connecting the Old Testament covenants to the New Testament.