1 Samuel 6:14
The cart came to the field of Joshua of Beth-shemesh and stopped there near a large rock. The people chopped up the cart and offered the cows as a burnt offering to the LORD.
The cart came to the field of Joshua of Beth-shemesh
Beth-shemesh was a Levitical city located in the territory of Judah, near the border with the Philistines. It was one of the cities designated for the priests, which is significant given the context of the Ark of the Covenant's return. The name "Joshua" here is not the famous leader who succeeded Moses, but likely a common name of the time. The arrival of the cart signifies the end of the Philistines' possession of the Ark, which they had captured in battle. This event fulfills the Philistines' plan to test whether the plagues they experienced were indeed from the God of Israel. The Ark's return to a Levitical city underscores the importance of proper worship and reverence for God's presence.

and stopped there near a large rock
The large rock served as a natural altar or platform, which was significant for the subsequent offering. In ancient times, rocks and altars were often used for sacrifices and offerings, symbolizing stability and permanence. The stopping of the cart at this specific location can be seen as divinely orchestrated, indicating God's control over the situation. This rock would later serve as a memorial of God's intervention and the return of the Ark.

The people chopped up the cart
The dismantling of the cart for use as firewood for the offering demonstrates the people's immediate response to honor God. It reflects the principle of using available resources to worship God, showing their gratitude and reverence. This act also signifies the end of the cart's purpose, as it was merely a vehicle for the Ark's return and not sacred in itself.

and offered the cows as a burnt offering to the LORD
Offering the cows as a burnt offering was a significant act of worship and atonement. Burnt offerings were entirely consumed by fire, symbolizing complete dedication to God. The use of cows, which were unblemished and had never been yoked, aligns with the requirements for sacrificial animals in the Mosaic Law. This act of sacrifice highlights the people's recognition of God's holiness and their desire to atone for any offenses related to the Ark's capture and return. It also prefigures the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who offered Himself wholly for the atonement of sin.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Joshua of Beth-shemesh
A resident of Beth-shemesh, a Levitical city in the territory of Judah. His field became the landing place for the Ark of the Covenant upon its return from the Philistines.

2. Beth-shemesh
A city allocated to the Levites, located in the territory of Judah. It was significant as a priestly city and a place where the Ark of the Covenant was received.

3. The Ark of the Covenant
A sacred chest that held the tablets of the Ten Commandments, representing God's presence with Israel. It had been captured by the Philistines and was being returned.

4. The Cart and Cows
The Philistines used a new cart and two cows to transport the Ark back to Israel, demonstrating their desire to appease the God of Israel.

5. The Large Rock
Served as an altar for the burnt offering, symbolizing a place of worship and sacrifice to the LORD.
Teaching Points
Reverence for God's Presence
The return of the Ark to Israel underscores the importance of respecting and honoring God's presence in our lives. We should approach God with reverence and awe.

Obedience and Worship
The immediate response of the people to offer a burnt offering demonstrates the importance of obedience and worship. We are called to respond to God's work in our lives with acts of worship and devotion.

God's Sovereignty
The journey of the Ark back to Israel illustrates God's sovereignty over all nations and circumstances. Trust in God's control and His ability to work through any situation.

Community Worship
The collective action of the people in offering the sacrifice highlights the importance of community in worship. Engage in communal worship and support one another in faith.

Symbolism of Sacrifice
The sacrifice of the cows on the large rock symbolizes the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ. Reflect on Christ's sacrifice and its significance for our salvation.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the return of the Ark to Beth-shemesh demonstrate God's sovereignty and power over the Philistines?

2. In what ways can we show reverence for God's presence in our daily lives, similar to the people of Beth-shemesh?

3. How does the concept of a burnt offering in the Old Testament relate to our understanding of worship and sacrifice today?

4. What role does community play in our worship practices, and how can we foster a sense of communal worship in our church or small group?

5. How does the sacrifice of the cows on the large rock point us to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, and how should this impact our faith and daily living?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 20
The offering of the cows as a burnt offering connects to the sacrificial system established in the Law, where offerings were made to atone for sin and express devotion to God.

1 Samuel 5
The events leading up to the return of the Ark, where the Philistines experienced plagues, highlight God's power and the importance of reverence for His presence.

Leviticus 1
Provides background on the burnt offering, a voluntary act of worship, atonement, and commitment to God, which the people of Beth-shemesh performed.
The Harvest FieldD. Thomas, D. D.
People
Abel, Beth-shemeshites, Egyptians, Israelites, Joshua, Levites, Pharaoh
Places
Ashdod, Ashkelon, Beth-shemesh, Ekron, Gath, Gaza, Kiriath-jearim
Topics
Ascend, Beside, Beth, Beth-she'mesh, Beth-shemeshite, Bethshemite, Beth-shemite, Burned, Burnt, Burnt-offering, Cart, Caused, Chopped, Clave, Cleave, Cleaved, Cows, Cutting, Field, Joshua, Kine, Large, Offered, Offering, Rock, Sacrificed, Shemesh, Split, Standeth, Stone, Stood, Stop, Stopped, Wood
Dictionary of Bible Themes
1 Samuel 6:14

     4552   wood
     5248   cart

1 Samuel 6:7-14

     4624   cow

1 Samuel 6:10-15

     7306   ark of the covenant

Library
The Practice of Piety in Glorifying God in the Time of Sickness, and when Thou Art Called to Die in the Lord.
As soon as thou perceivest thyself to be visited with any sickness, meditate with thyself: 1. That "misery cometh not forth of the dust; neither doth affliction spring out of the earth." Sickness comes not by hap or chance (as the Philistines supposed that their mice and emrods came, 1 Sam. vi. 9), but from man's wickedness, which, as sparkles, breaketh out. "Man suffereth," saith Jeremiah, "for his sins." "Fools," saith David, "by reason of their transgressions, and because of their iniquities,
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

The Unity of the Divine Essence, and the Trinity of Persons.
Deut. vi. 4.--"Hear O Israel the Lord our God is one Lord."--1 John v. 7. "There are three that bear record in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, and these three are one." "Great is the mystery of godliness," 1 Tim. iii. 16. Religion and true godliness is a bundle of excellent mysteries--of things hid from the world, yea, from the wise men of the world, (1 Cor. ii. 6.) and not only so, but secrets in their own nature, the distinct knowledge whereof is not given to saints in this estate
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Of Preparation.
That a Christian ought necessarily to prepare himself before he presume to be a partaker of the holy communion, may evidently appear by five reasons:-- First, Because it is God's commandment; for if he commanded, under the pain of death, that none uncircumcised should eat the paschal lamb (Exod. xii. 48), nor any circumcised under four days preparation, how much greater preparation does he require of him that comes to receive the sacrament of his body and blood? which, as it succeeds, so doth it
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

Adam's Sin
Q-15: WHAT WAS THE SIN WHEREBY OUR FIRST PARENTS FELL FROM THE ESTATE WHEREIN THEY WERE CREATED? A: That sin was eating the forbidden fruit. 'She took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also to her husband.' Gen 3:3. Here is implied, 1. That our first parents fell from their estate of innocence. 2. The sin by which they fell, was eating the forbidden fruit. I. Our first parents fell from their glorious state of innocence. God made man upright, but they have sought out many inventions.' Eccl
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

Samuel
Alike from the literary and the historical point of view, the book[1] of Samuel stands midway between the book of Judges and the book of Kings. As we have already seen, the Deuteronomic book of Judges in all probability ran into Samuel and ended in ch. xii.; while the story of David, begun in Samuel, embraces the first two chapters of the first book of Kings. The book of Samuel is not very happily named, as much of it is devoted to Saul and the greater part to David; yet it is not altogether inappropriate,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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