1 Samuel 5:6

Now the hand of the LORD was heavy on the people of Ashdod and its vicinity, ravaging them and afflicting them with tumors.

Study Bible

Now the hand of the LORD
The phrase "hand of the LORD" is a powerful biblical metaphor representing God's active intervention and authority. In Hebrew, "hand" (יָד, yad) often symbolizes power and control. Here, it signifies God's direct involvement in the affairs of the Philistines, demonstrating His sovereignty and ability to execute judgment. This phrase reminds us of God's omnipotence and His ability to influence human history according to His divine will.

was heavy upon the people of Ashdod
The term "heavy" (כָּבֵד, kaved) in Hebrew conveys a sense of weightiness or severity. It indicates that God's presence was not only felt but was burdensome and oppressive to the Philistines. Ashdod, one of the principal cities of the Philistines, becomes a focal point of divine judgment. This serves as a reminder of the consequences of opposing God's will and the seriousness with which He defends His holiness and honor.

and He ravaged them
The word "ravaged" suggests a thorough and devastating impact. In the context of divine judgment, it implies that God allowed calamity to befall the Philistines as a direct result of their actions. This act of ravaging is not arbitrary but a response to the Philistines' capture of the Ark of the Covenant, symbolizing God's presence and covenant with Israel. It underscores the principle that God will not be mocked, and His holiness demands reverence.

and afflicted them with tumors
The affliction of "tumors" (עֳפָלִים, opalim) is a specific and painful judgment. Historically, this has been interpreted as a form of plague or disease, possibly related to the bubonic plague, given the symptoms described. This affliction serves as a tangible sign of God's displeasure and a call to repentance. It highlights the physical and spiritual consequences of sin and the need for humility before God.

both Ashdod and its territory
The inclusion of "its territory" indicates that the judgment was not confined to the city alone but extended to the surrounding areas. This widespread impact emphasizes the comprehensive nature of God's judgment and serves as a warning to all who might challenge His authority. It also reflects the interconnectedness of communities and the far-reaching effects of sin and rebellion against God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The LORD
The God of Israel, who demonstrates His power and sovereignty over the Philistines by afflicting them.

2. People of Ashdod
Inhabitants of one of the five major Philistine cities, who captured the Ark of the Covenant and experienced God's judgment.

3. Ashdod
A Philistine city where the Ark of the Covenant was taken after being captured from the Israelites.

4. The Ark of the Covenant
A sacred chest representing God's presence, captured by the Philistines in battle.

5. Tumors
Physical afflictions sent by God as a form of judgment upon the Philistines for possessing the Ark.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty
The passage highlights God's control over all nations, not just Israel. His power is not limited by geography or political boundaries.

The Consequences of Disrespecting the Sacred
The Philistines' capture of the Ark and subsequent affliction serve as a warning against treating holy things with contempt.

Divine Judgment and Mercy
While God’s hand was heavy upon the Philistines, His actions were also a call to recognize His authority and repent.

The Presence of God
The Ark symbolizes God's presence, which brings blessing to those who honor it and judgment to those who do not.

The Fear of the Lord
This event encourages believers to maintain a healthy reverence for God, recognizing His power and holiness.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the affliction of the Philistines in Ashdod demonstrate God's sovereignty over all nations?

2. In what ways can we show respect for the sacred in our own lives, and what are the consequences of failing to do so?

3. How does the account of the Ark in Ashdod compare to other instances of divine judgment in the Bible, such as the plagues in Egypt?

4. What does this passage teach us about the nature of God's presence and its impact on those who encounter it?

5. How can we cultivate a healthy fear of the Lord in our daily lives, and what role does this play in our relationship with Him?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 9:3
Similar to the plagues in Egypt, God's hand brings affliction as a sign of His power and judgment.

Deuteronomy 28:27
The curses for disobedience include afflictions like tumors, showing a consistent theme of divine retribution.

Acts 12:23
God's judgment upon Herod for his arrogance, illustrating that God's hand can bring both blessing and judgment.