1 Samuel 5:12
Those who did not die were afflicted with tumors, and the outcry of the city went up to heaven.
Those who did not die
This phrase indicates a severe judgment from God upon the Philistines, who had captured the Ark of the Covenant. The presence of the Ark brought calamity, demonstrating God's power and holiness. The Philistines, despite their initial victory, faced divine retribution. This reflects the biblical theme that God defends His honor and the sanctity of His presence, as seen in other instances where God's holiness is violated (e.g., Uzzah in 2 Samuel 6:7).

were afflicted with tumors
The affliction of tumors is a direct consequence of the Philistines' disrespect for the Ark. The Hebrew term used here can also be translated as "boils" or "swellings," suggesting a painful and humiliating condition. This punishment parallels the plagues of Egypt (Exodus 9:9-11), where God used physical afflictions to demonstrate His power and compel obedience. The tumors may symbolize the spiritual corruption and moral decay of the Philistines, contrasting with the purity required by God.

and the outcry of the city
The outcry signifies the collective distress and desperation of the Philistine people. In ancient Near Eastern culture, communal lamentation was a common response to disaster. This outcry echoes the cries of the Israelites in times of oppression (Exodus 2:23), highlighting a universal human response to suffering. It underscores the severity of God's judgment and the inability of the Philistines to escape His wrath.

went up to heaven
This phrase suggests that the cries of the Philistines reached God, indicating His awareness of human suffering, even among those who do not worship Him. It reflects the biblical principle that God is sovereign over all nations and attentive to the affairs of the world (Psalm 33:13-15). The imagery of cries reaching heaven is also seen in the story of Sodom and Gomorrah (Genesis 18:20-21), where God responds to the outcry against sin. This serves as a reminder of God's justice and the ultimate accountability of all people before Him.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Philistines
A group of people who were enemies of Israel and had captured the Ark of the Covenant.

2. Ashdod
One of the five major cities of the Philistines where the Ark was initially taken.

3. Ark of the Covenant
A sacred chest that held the tablets of the Ten Commandments, representing God's presence with Israel.

4. Tumors
Physical afflictions sent by God as a judgment upon the Philistines for capturing the Ark.

5. Outcry to Heaven
The desperate plea of the Philistines as they suffered under God's judgment.
Teaching Points
God's Sovereignty and Judgment
God is sovereign over all nations and peoples, and His judgments are just and purposeful.

The Consequences of Disobedience
Disregarding God's holiness and commands can lead to severe consequences, as seen with the Philistines' afflictions.

The Power of Prayer and Outcry
Even those who do not know God can recognize His power and cry out in desperation, pointing to the universal need for divine intervention.

Respect for the Sacred
The Ark of the Covenant was a symbol of God's presence, and mishandling it led to dire consequences, teaching us to respect what is sacred.

Repentance and Restoration
The Philistines' eventual decision to return the Ark shows a recognition of God's power and a step towards making amends.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the experience of the Philistines with the Ark of the Covenant demonstrate God's sovereignty over all nations?

2. In what ways can we see parallels between the afflictions of the Philistines and the plagues of Egypt?

3. What lessons can we learn about the importance of respecting what is sacred in our own lives?

4. How can the outcry of the Philistines serve as a reminder of the power of prayer, even from those who do not fully know God?

5. What steps can we take to ensure that we are living in obedience to God and avoiding the consequences of disobedience?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 9:8-12
The plagues of Egypt, where God used physical afflictions to demonstrate His power and judgment.

1 Samuel 6:1-9
The continuation of the account where the Philistines decide to return the Ark to Israel, acknowledging God's power.

Revelation 16:10-11
The bowls of God's wrath, where people are afflicted and respond with outcry, similar to the Philistines' experience.
The Cry of the CityHomilist1 Samuel 5:12
The Ark Among the HeathenB. Dale 1 Samuel 5:1-12
People
Ashdodites, Dagon, Ekronites
Places
Ashdod, Ebenezer, Ekron, Gath
Topics
Afflicted, Cruelly, Cry, Death, Didn't, Die, Died, Diseased, Emerods, Heaven, Heavens, Hemorrhoids, Outcry, Overtaken, Smitten, Stricken, Struck, Town, Tumors
Dictionary of Bible Themes
1 Samuel 5:1-12

     1105   God, power of

1 Samuel 5:6-12

     4843   plague
     7372   hands, laying on

Library
The Preparatory Service; Sometimes Called the Confessional Service.
In our examination of the nature and meaning of the Lord's Supper, we have found that it is indeed a most important and holy Sacrament. It is in fact the most sacred of all the ordinances of the Church on earth. There is nothing beyond it--nothing so heavenly, on this side heaven, as this Feast. Nowhere else does the believer approach so near to heaven as when he stands or kneels, as a communicant at this altar, the Holy of Holies in the Church of Christ. What a solemn act! To approach this altar,
G. H. Gerberding—The Way of Salvation in the Lutheran Church

Samuel
Alike from the literary and the historical point of view, the book[1] of Samuel stands midway between the book of Judges and the book of Kings. As we have already seen, the Deuteronomic book of Judges in all probability ran into Samuel and ended in ch. xii.; while the story of David, begun in Samuel, embraces the first two chapters of the first book of Kings. The book of Samuel is not very happily named, as much of it is devoted to Saul and the greater part to David; yet it is not altogether inappropriate,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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