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I. First of all, we discover the same SYCOPHANCY OF SPIRIT among sceptics now as was noticeable among the ancient Jews. The significant question those people asked concerning Christ was, "Have any of the rulers believed on Him?"

1. One of the maxims of the Talmud was this: "My son, give more heed to the words of the rabbis than to the words of the law." Thus they pressed human authority above inspiration, and exalted traditions above the revelation from God.

2. Our times are not much better. Little men appear to imagine their proportions are vaster when they stand in the awe-inspiring shadow of big men. Hence we find all the motley company of sceptics aping masterly leaders, and trying to make the majesty of their intellects show most impressively.

3. Rabbis (in this sense) ought not to count for much with Christian people: "One is our Master, even Christ." What God's children are examining is truth, and not men. It must be remembered that there never was a system of even confessed error, no matter how miserable or how vile, that did not for the time being have some able advocates. We do not need to go back to Marcion's day, nor to Basilides' day, to illustrate this. Gibbon was gifted, and Brigham Young was a man of power — and Satan himself was one of the brightest of God's angels.

4. Meantime, the cry lifted as to the supreme ability of not a few of these leaders of modern scepticism might as well be toned down to moderation.

II. Next to this sycophancy of spirit, we discover that modern doubt has for its characteristic THE SAME DISPOSITION TO CRITICISE GOD'S WORD which prevailed in Herod's time. Our Saviour's charge was, "making the Word of God of none effect."

1. Those Pharisees and Sadducees had only the Old Testament, but they kept picking at it. The general principle of interpretation was very frankly avowed in those days: "The Bible is like water, the traditions are like wine; but the commentaries are like wine which has been spiced."

2. The modern attack is just like this. The combat with opposers is not now that of theological philosophy, but of biblical criticism.

3. It is impossible to stop the mouths of carpers. The apostles themselves had to deal with strong and inveterate opposers. There were persistent Pharisees and indefatigable Sadducees. Paul himself even could not put down these disputants at will so completely that they should not harangue the populace. He could refute every argument, and overturn every position; but when he had silenced sense they kept up the uproar. Thus they made their sorry exhibition at Ephesus (see Acts 19:32-34).

III. In the third place, modern doubt is characterized, like the ancient scepticism Jesus rebuked, by an AIMLESS DRIFTING into a series of continual disbeliefs. This was the ground for our Lord's most terrible denunciation: "Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye compass sea and land to make one proselyte; and when he is made, ye make him two fold more the child of hell than yourselves."

1. Those old sects seem all to have known this tendency to reckless wandering in speculation, for they tried to force a system of checks at each exposed point against free thinking.

2. This generation of doubters in our time are as wandering in their purposes, and quite as devoutly blind in their career. The moment one begins to question, that moment he begins to travel. Yet is it seriously to be doubted whether he is going ever to reach that portal of God's truth he talks of so glibly.

3. There is no settled direction which modern scepticism chooses. If there were, we might welcome the drift as perhaps being in the line of the truth, and indicating progress. But it makes one think of the eddies over the meadows after a freshet; it is unsafe to try to sail because nobody knows the channel. A thoughtful man would like to know beforehand where he is going.

4. It is best, also, to settle the value of an argument drawn from an example.

IV. This thought will find a further illustration, when we go on to consider a fourth characteristic of modern doubt: namely, THE EXTREME MALIGNANCY OF TEMPER with which those who turn from the Christian faith afterwards attack its defenders.

1. Renegades are always the most belligerent allies on the other side.

2. It is often to advantage to read up the antecedents of some of our most prominent unbelievers. "You know who the critics are?" asks a shrewd character in Lord Beaconsfield's story; "they are the men who have failed in literature and art." Find an extremely ill-tempered disputant anywhere nowadays, who begins with innuendo and continues with abuse, and the explanation may be given almost instinctively this man did not succeed in the old life, and is angrily trying to retrieve his fortunes by attracting attention in a new.

3. For the temper of unbelief is simple selfishness.

4. Hence, there is no safety in yielding even just a little. "A double-minded man is unstable in all his ways." Belief will not suffer itself to be divided.

(C. S. Robinson, D. D.)

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KJV: And straightway he entered into a ship with his disciples, and came into the parts of Dalmanutha.

WEB: Immediately he entered into the boat with his disciples, and came into the region of Dalmanutha.