1 Chronicles 7:1

Now the sons of Issachar were, Tola, and Puah, Jashub, and Shimron, four.

EXPOSITORY (ENGLISH BIBLE)

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

VII.

THE GREAT CLANS OF ISSACHAR, BENJAMIN, NAPTHALI, WEST MANASSEH, EPHRAIM, AND ASHER.

(1–5) The tribe of Issachar, its clans and their military strength.

(1) Now the sons of Issachar.—Heb., and to the sons—i.e., “and as for the sons of Issachar, Tola, Puah, &c., four were they.” The Vatic, LXX., has the dative; the Alex, the nominative, which is perhaps a correction. The four names are given Genesis 46:13, where the second is Puwwah, the third lôb; and Numbers 26:23, where also the second name is Puwwah, but the third Iāshûb (he returns). The Heb. text here is Iāshîb (he makes return); the Hebrew margin, adopted by the Authorised Version, is the same as the text of Numbers 26

(2-6) These verses supply names and facts not found elsewhere. We have here some of the results of the census of David (2 Samuel 24, and below, 1 Chronicles 21).

(2) Heads of their father’s house—Rather, chiefs of their father-houses (septs or clans).

Of Tola.—Belonging to Tola, that is, to the great clan or sub-tribe so called.

In their generations.—According to their registers or birth-rolls.

Whose number.—The number of the warriors of all the six groups of the Tolaite branch of Issachar.

In the days of David.—See the census (1chron xxi,).

(3) Izrahiah . . .—All these names contain a divine element. Izrahiah means “Iah riseth (like the sun)” (comp. Malachi 4:2); Michael, “who like God?” (Comp. Isaiah 40:18; Isaiah 40:25.) Before Ishiah and has fallen out.

Five: all of them chief men.—Heb., five chiefs (heads) altogether (all of them). But perhaps the punctuation should be as in the Authorised Version. 1Chronicles 7:7.)

(4) By their generations.—Heb., after or according to their birth-rolls or registers. The census of the Uzzite warriors was taken “according to their birth-rolls and their father-houses” (septs or clans).

Bands of soldiers.—Heb., troops of the host of war or of the battle-host.

For they had many wives and sons.—They are the clans represented by the hereditary chiefs Izrahiah, Michael, and the rest.

(5) And their brethren.—Fellow-tribesmen.

Families.—Clans (mishpehôth). The verse states

the number of warriors for the whole tribe of Issachar in David’s census at 87,000. Render: “And their kinsmen, of all the clans of Issachar, valiant warriors. Eighty-seven thousand was their census for the whole (tribe).”

Reckoned in all by their genealogies.—Heb., hithyahsâm, a difficult word peculiar to the chronicler in the Old Testament, but reappearing in the Rabbinic Hebrew. The present form is a verbal noun with suffix pronoun, and means “their enrolling” or “enrolment,” their census; cp. ἀπογράφεσθαι, (Luke 2:1). As the Tolaites were 22,600, and the sons of Izrahiah 36,000, the other son of Issachar must have amounted to 28,400, to make up the total of 87,000 for the tribe. At the first census of Moses (Num. i 29), the warriors of Issachar were 54,400; at the second (Numbers 26:25) they were 64,300. (Comp. Judges 5:15; Judges 10:1 for the ancient prowess of Issachar.)

-1Genesis 46:21—

Bela and Becher and Ashbel, Gera and Naaman, Ehi and Rosh, Muppim and Huppim and Ard.

Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary

7:1-40 Genealogies. - Here is no account either of Zebulun or Dan. We can assign no reason why they only should be omitted; but it is the disgrace of the tribe of Dan, that idolatry began in that colony which fixed in Laish, and called it Dan, Jud 18 and there one of the golden calves was set up by Jeroboam. Dan is omitted, Re 7. Men become abominable when they forsake the worship of the true God, for any creature object.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Unto the rest of the children of Merari - Rather, "Unto the rest the children of Merari" - that is to say, "unto the remainder of the Levites, who were descendants of Merari": - the two other branches, the Kohathites and the Gershomites, having been treated of previously.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 7

1Ch 7:1-5. Sons of Issachar.

1. Jashub—or Job (Ge 46:13).The sons of Issachar, 1 Chronicles 7:1-5. Of Benjamin, 1 Chronicles 7:6-12. Of Naphtali, 1 Chronicles 7:13. Of Manasseh, 1 Chronicles 7:14-19. Of Ephraim; their calamity; and habitations, 1 Chronicles 7:20-29. Of Asher, 1 Chronicles 7:30-40.

Jashub, called, by way of contraction, Job, Genesis 46:13.

Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Now the sons of Issachar were Tola, Puah, Jashub, and Shimron, four. The same number is given, Genesis 46:13 with a small variation of two of their names, there called Phuvah and Job, from whence so many families sprang, mentioned Numbers 26:23, where the names are the same as here.

Geneva Study Bible

Now the sons of Issachar were, Tola, and Puah, {a} Jashub, and Shimron, four.

(a) Who also is called Job, Ge 46:13.

EXEGETICAL (ORIGINAL LANGUAGES)

Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

1–5. The Genealogy of Issachar

1. the sons of Issachar] Genesis 46:13; Numbers 26:23-24.

Puah] In Gen. and Num. Puvah (R.V.), but in Jdg 10:1 Puah as here. A descendant of Puah named Tola was one of the Judges.

Jashub] So in Num., but in Gen. Iob (not Iyob as in Job 1:1, R.V. mg).

The treatment of different tribes is unequal in this chapter. In the case of Issachar (1 Chronicles 7:1-5), Benjamin (1 Chronicles 7:6-12), and Asher (1 Chronicles 7:30-40), genealogies are given and the number of fighting-men of each tribe is stated. To Naphtali is devoted a single verse, giving only the names of his sons. For Manasseh and Ephraim genealogies are given and their possessions are shortly enumerated. The mention of Dan is obliterated, owing to the state of the text of 1 Chronicles 7:12.

Pulpit Commentary

Verse 1. - The great tribes of Judah and Levi being now passed, as well as the minor ones of Simeon, Reuben, and Gad, we reach the sons of Issachar. Issachar was Jacob's fifth son by Leah (Genesis 35:23). In the list of Genesis 46:13 our Puah (פוּאָח) appears differently spelt as Phuvah (פֻוָּח), and Jashub is found as Job, which is corrected by the Samaritan Codex to Jashub, and this reading the Septuagint follows. In the other parallel passage (Numbers 26:23) the Phuvah form obtains, but the other names are the same as here. Tola. We read (Judges 10:1, 2) of another person of this name, who judged Israel twenty-three years, at Shamir, in Mount Ephraim, and who is called "the son of Puah, the son of Dodo, a man of Issachar." This is a good instance of how the use of the same names, though in different order, clung to a tribe or family through long periods. 1 Chronicles 7:1

Keil and Delitzsch Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament

Sons and families of Issachar. - 1 Chronicles 7:1. Instead of ולבני, we must certainly read בּני, as in 1 Chronicles 7:14, 1 Chronicles 7:30, or וּבני, as in 1 Chronicles 7:20; 1 Chronicles 5:11, and elsewhere. The לבני has come into the text only by the recollection of the copyist having dwelt on the so frequently recurring לבני in 1 Chronicles 6:42, 1 Chronicles 6:46-47, cf. 1 Chronicles 6:48, 1 Chronicles 6:56, 1 Chronicles 6:62, for it is not possible to take ל as the ל of introduction, because the names of the sons follow immediately. The names of the four sons are given as in Numbers 26:23., while in Genesis 46:13 the second is written פּוּה, and the third יוב; vide on Gen. loc. cit.